Gardenia Care

Caring for Gardenias is about making sure the plants are thriving. Our plant care articles provide the necessary details to give you the greatest chance of success. Afterall, there is nothing worse than investing in the plants, putting the effort into planting them, and then having them fail. Therefore, follow our advice and give yourself the best chance of success.

How To Look After Gardenias

Caring for Gardenias is all about knowing what to do in each season. Even though they are low maintenance plants, they will benefit from the attention you provide.

Winter is the perfect time for mulching around your plants. Organic matter such as compost or sheep pellets should be spread liberally around the plants and then overlaid with a mulch. The Plant Company has two very good options for mulch. The first is coco fibre matting which is made from the husks of coconuts. It breaks down to become part of the soil within two years. The second is the black plastic matting which will last 20 years or more. In both instances The Plant Company recommend stones, bark chip, or other similar products be spread over top of the mulch for aesthetic purposes. The Plant Company do not recommend adding fertiliser during winter as this is better applied in spring so less is wasted. However, adding organic matter is quite okay.

Spring is the perfect time for fertilising the plants as they start to bounce into life and flower buds begin to open. The Plant Company has fertilisers which have been specially blended for different plants and in this instance, our fertiliser for acid loving plants will give them the correct boost and keep them fed for 12-months. A suitable alternative is organic fertiliser which will also keep them well fed but it will require a secondary application in autumn.

Summer is when the plants need regular watering, and this should be undertaken daily on the hottest days. Plants that are establishing need particular attention as their root system will not have penetrated deep enough to secure consistent moisture yet. Summer is also the season when varieties that have finished flowering should be trimmed if this is required. Please refer to our section on pruning and trimming for details on how to do this correctly.

Caring for Gardenias in autumn is all about finishing any trimming and keeping the plants healthy. Foliar feeding using a liquid fertiliser can be undertaken during spring, summer, and autumn if you have time, but this is not essential if solid fertiliser and/or good amounts of organic matter have already been applied. If you think the plants need an extra boost or have some yellowing, however, a liquid fertiliser won’t hurt.

Check plants for any pest or disease issues during spring, summer, and autumn. If anything is looking unusual at any time of year, refer to our section on Gardenia diseases, problems, and solutions for further information.

Gardenia Diseases, Problems, and Solutions

Gardenias do have disease issues from time to time. Therefore, it is important to understand the underlying issue(s) and have the remedies to fix the problem. The Plant Company have produced this series of articles to help you in the quest for answers to address common Gardenia problems and diseases.

Common Gardenia Diseases

The most common Gardenia diseases are root rot and powdery mildew. Root rot attacks the roots and causes the plant to eventually die if not remedied. The tell-tale symptoms are yellowing of the leaves and defoliation. This can happen over several months during any season and progressively gets worse. The only real solution is to fix the drainage. If plants are being over-watered or they are exposed to prolonged wetness, they will suffer. Therefore, good drainage is essential and sites where drainage is poor should not be avoided for Gardenias.

If your Gardenia has a white powdery growth on the leaves, this could be powdery mildew. This is usually during warm and dry weather. You can control this issue by wetting the leaves or with a fungicide that controls powdery mildew. If you leave the mildew to spread, it will cause the leaves to yellow and they may fall.

Common Gardenia Pests

The most common pests of Gardenias are aphids, whitefly, and scale insects. These sap-sucking insect damage the leaves, causing a yellow or bronze-coloured mottling. With severe infestations, the leaves and flower buds become distorted. They are all easily controlled with a general insecticide that specifically notes it will control the particular pest.

Gardenias with speckled leaves or that appear to be somewhat bleached probably have thrips. Look on the underside of the leaves and you’ll find the bugs themselves and small, dark lumps called "frass". Thrips are easily controlled with a general insecticide for thrips and with good coverage. Covering the underside of the leaf will also help with control. A repeat application 1-2 weeks later is recommended to catch any eggs that have hatched or those missed in the first spray.

How Do I Fix Yellow Leaves On My Gardenia Plant?

Leaf yellowing, which often occurs during winter with Gardenias is the result of a lack of magnesium in the leaves. The colder weather restricts the uptake of this nutrient through the roots and results in the leaves developing yellow tones. The issue is easily fixed with a liquid feed that contains magnesium. After 2-3 applications the issue should be resolved. A lack of nitrogen will also cause similar symptoms, which again will be corrected with a liquid feed and fertiliser for acid loving plants.

Leaf yellowing can also result from Gardenias being over-watered, poor drainage, or both. They will also develop yellow leaves if they have not been watered for some time, but this is usually coupled with leaves dropping. Other common causes are too much shade, or the plants have not been fed for several years. A liquid fertiliser can be used to correct issues quickly and should be supported with fertiliser for acid loving plants during spring if you think this is the cause.

Pests sucking on the leaves can cause leaves to yellow, but this is often mottled and varied across the plant. Inspect the leaves for scale insect, aphids, thrips, and whitefly mainly, and be sure to check the underside of the leaves. These are all easily controlled with an insecticide.

How To Treat A Dying Gardenia Plant

Reviving a dying gardenia requires some detective work to diagnose what has gone wrong. Some common issues and solutions include:

Light:

Too little sun: Gardenias prefer bright, indirect sunlight. Avoid harsh midday sun in hot climates. Move your plant to a spot with more appropriate light.
Too much sun: Excessive sun can scorch the leaves. Provide shade during the hottest part of the day.

Water:

Underwatering: Drooping leaves and dry soil are signs of underwatering. Water deeply when the top inch of soil feels dry.
Overwatering: Yellowing leaves at the base and soggy soil indicate overwatering. Reduce watering frequency and ensure the pot has drainage holes.

Soil and Nutrients:

Improper drainage: Poor drainage suffocates roots. Ensure the pot has drainage holes and use a well-draining potting mix formulated for acidic plants.
Nutrient deficiency: Yellowing leaves with green veins suggest a lack of magnesium. Epsom salt solution (1 tablespoon per 4L (or gallon) of water) applied monthly can help. A general-purpose fertilizer for acidic plants used according to package instructions can address other nutrient deficiencies.

Pests and Diseases:

Check for pests: Scale, mealybugs, and whiteflies can weaken your plant and treat with an insecticide.
Fungal diseases: Brown spots on leaves can indicate fungal problems. Remove affected leaves and improve air circulation around the plant. A fungicide may be necessary in severe cases.

Reasons Why A Gardenia Doesn’t Flower

There are several reasons why your Gardenia might not be flowering:

Not enough sun: Gardenias need sunlight, ideally a mix of morning sun and afternoon shade, to develop flower buds.
Inconsistent watering: Both underwatering and overwatering can cause bud drop. Aim for evenly moist soil, letting the top 25-50 mm dry out between waterings.
Improper pH: Gardenias prefer acidic soil, with a pH between 5.0 and 6.0. If the soil is too alkaline, it can prevent flowering.
Nutrient deficiency: A lack of nutrients, particularly iron or magnesium, can hinder flower production.
Temperature extremes: Very hot or cold weather can prevent buds from forming or cause them to drop. Gardenias prefer moderate temperatures, ideally with daytime highs around 18-26°C.
Pests and diseases: Keep an eye out for pests like aphids or scales that can damage flower buds.
Pruning at the wrong time: Pruning too late in the season can remove developing buds. Prune gardenias after flowering in summer.

Considering each of these potential issues is the best way to determine whether one or more could be affecting the flowering of your plant.

Why Are Gardenias So Hard To Grow?

Gardenias are not hard to grow but they can be fickle. This is because they are sensitive to soil conditions, light, water, and humidity. They are also susceptible to a few pests and diseases.

Here are some of the reasons why gardenias can be challenging to grow:

Soil: Gardenias prefer acidic soil with a pH of 5.0 to 6.5. If your soil is alkaline, you will need to lower the pH before planting gardenias. You can do this by adding acidic fertilisers.
Light: Gardenias need at least six hours of sunlight per day, but they will tolerate some shade. Avoid planting Gardenias in full shade, as this will reduce flowering.
Water: Gardenias require regular watering, but be careful not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot. The soil should be moist but not sodden.
Humidity: Gardenias prefer high humidity. If you live in a dry climate, avoid planting them against a hot wall or beside concrete.
Pests and diseases: Gardenias are susceptible to scale insect, mealybugs, whitefly, and fungal diseases. Be sure to inspect your plant regularly and take steps to control any pests or diseases that you find.

Gardenias are sensitive to changes in their environment. For example, if the temperature drops too low, the light changes too drastically, or the watering schedule is disrupted, Gardenias can drop their buds or leaves. Therefore, consistency is key to getting a great result with Gardenias.

Gardenia Fertiliser

Providing the best fertiliser for Gardenia plants is important to ensure they thrive. The correct fertiliser depends on whether the plant is grown in a pot or in soil, and getting this wrong can be disastrous for your plants. Our articles provide the best advice about fertilising Gardenias so you can achieve the amazing results you are after.

How Much Epsom Salts For Gardenias?

Epsom Salts contains Magnesium sulphate which stops the yellowing on Gardenia leaves due to a magnesium deficiency. There are two common methods for applying Epsom salts to Gardenias. You can either spray is onto the leaves or apply it to the soil.

Foliar feeding (spraying on leaves): This method corrects deficiency issues quickly as the leaves take in the nutrients quickly. Dissolve a teaspoon of the Epsom Salt in 1.5L of water. Spray this onto the foliage every 3-4 weeks.
Soil application: This is the more common method and you can either wash it into the soil or spread it around the base of the plant:
- Drenching the soil: Mix one tablespoon (15ml) of Epsom salts into 4L of water. Use a watering to apply this around the plant. This can be done every four weeks.
- Spreading around the base: Sprinkle a teaspoon (5ml) of Epsom salts around the base of the gardenia plant, then water it in well. Do this once a month until the nutritional issue is resolved.

How Often Do You Fertilize Gardenias?

The Plant Company recommends that Gardenias grown in a garden are only fertilized once a year with shrub fertiliser. This blend has been designed to keep plants sustained with nutrients for 12-months. Similarly, if the plant is being grown in a pot, use either container plant fertiliser or fertiliser tablets to give the plants nutrition for 12-months. Foliar feeding using a liquid fertiliser can be undertaken if you think the plant needs an extra boost or has some yellowing. A great benefit of foliar feeding is that it helps keep the leaves strong and lush as the nutrition is right where the plant needs it.

What Is The Best Fertiliser For Gardenias Grown In A Pot

Gardenias grown in containers require different fertiliser to those grown outdoors in soil. In this instance the correct fertilisers to use are either the container plant fertiliser or fertiliser tablets. Each of these will provide safe, sustained, and complete nutrition to the plant for the next 12-months. Using other types of fertiliser can be detrimental to the plant and may result in plant injury or death.

Foliar feeding using a liquid fertiliser can be undertaken if you have time but this is not essential if container plant fertiliser or fertiliser tablets have been used. If you think the plant needs an extra boost or has some yellowing, however, a liquid fertiliser application won’t hurt. A great benefit of foliar feeding is that it helps keep the leaves strong and lush as the nutrition is right where the plant needs it.

What Is The Best Fertiliser For Gardenias?

Gardenias are lush plants that require feeding to keep them growing optimally and they do require an acidic fertiliser. The Plant Company’s fertiliser for acid loving plants has been blended to give plants an initial boost and then sustained nutrition for 12-months. We recommend the fertiliser is applied to the soil surface in spring just as the plants start to grow actively. More importantly, we advise that no fertiliser is placed in the hole at planting, but rather spread around the soil surface so it can wash through the roots as it releases. This Plant Company’s fertiliser for acid loving plants ensures that nutrients remain in the soil around the plant rather than being lost through the soil profile to where the plant cannot reach it. This also applies to plants grown on sandy soils. The Plant Company’s fertiliser is therefore very environmentally friendly and longer lasting than most other products in the market.

Foliar feeding using a liquid fertiliser can be undertaken if you have time but this is not essential if acid fertiliser has been applied. If you think the plants need an extra boost or have some yellowing, however, a liquid fertiliser application won’t hurt. A great benefit of foliar feeding is that it helps keep the leaves strong and lush.

What Is The Optimum Soil pH For Gardenias?

The soil pH refers to how acid of alkaline the soil is. Gardenias prefer a soil pH within the range of 5 to 6.5 which means they like an acidic soil. As the pH of the soil moves away from this optimum range, the nutrients the plant is taking up (or not taking up) through the roots changes. If the shift in pH is too far, this can result in deficiencies of some nutrients and toxic levels of others. In either case this can cause the plant to become sick or even die a slow death.

The best way to know whether the pH is correct for your plant is to do a test. The Plant Company has pH test kits available that are easy to use and only take a few minutes to get a result. Preferably this test should be completed before planting so any pH issues can be corrected without risking the plant. A pH less 5 should have a sparing amount of dolomite lime applied. A pH above 6.5 should have small amounts of soil acidifying fertiliser along with fertiliser for acid loving plants applied. In both instances the fertiliser should be thoroughly mixed into the soil before planting. A retest of the soil pH should be undertaken after four weeks, and small adjustments made again. If the pH is in the optimum range, just use fertiliser for acid loving plants only.

Gardenia Flowers

These short articles provide some insight into Gardenia flowers and flowering.

Do Gardenias Flowers Have A Fragrance?

Gardenias are well-known for their fragrant flowers. Their sweet and intoxicating scent is a major reason for their popularity. In fact, some call their fragrance "heavenly" or "captivating". There are some things to to keep in mind about Gardenia fragrance:

The intensity of the fragrance can vary depending on the specific variety of Gardenia and growing conditions.
The flowers tend to be most fragrant in the evenings and warm weather.
If your Gardenia flowers aren't very fragrant, it could be a temporary issue related to weather or stress on the plant.

How Long Do Gardenias Bloom?

Gardenias are known for their beautiful and fragrant blooms, but the exact duration of their flowering period depends on the variety and growing conditions. In general, they will flower in summer and autumn, although some varieties may produce sporadic blooms throughout the year in warm climates. Each Gardenia flower can last for several weeks, but typically it is 2-3 weeks.

Regularly removing spent flowers (deadheading) encourages the plant to produce more blooms throughout the season. Moreover, providing optimal light, consistent watering, and feeding with a fertilizer for acidic plants can significantly improve the quantity and quality of flowers.

What Are The Different Types Of Gardenia Flowers?

There are over 200 varieties of gardenias, but some of the most popular cultivated varieties include:

Gardenia jasminoides (Cape Jasmine): This is the most widely known type of gardenia. It features beautiful, fragrant, white, double or single flowers and can grow to 1-1.5 meters (3-5ft) tall.
Gardenia radicans (Creeping Gardenia): This is a dwarf variety that only reaches about 30cm (1ft) tall and is perfect for groundcover or container gardening. It has smaller, single flowers but blooms profusely throughout summer.
Gardenia 'Crown Jewels': This popular variety has large and double, white flowers with a wonderful fragrance. It can grow up to 1 metre tall.
Gardenia 'Professor Pucci': Another well-liked selection known for its incredibly fragrant, fully double, white flowers. It typically grows to around 1 metre tall.
Gardenia 'August Beauty': This classic variety features large, double blooms with a powerful, creamy citrus-like fragrance. It can reach up to 2 metres (6ft) tall.
Gardenia 'Golden Magic': This unique variety has creamy white flowers that mature to a soft yellow colour. It's a compact shrub that typically grows to around 1 meter (3ft) tall.
Gardenia taitensis (Tahitian Gardenia}: This fragrant variety is native to French Polynesia and has large, single, white flowers with a central cluster of yellow stamens. It's not as cold-hardy as some other gardenia varieties.

These are just a few examples of the many beautiful Gardenia varieties available. With so many choices to select from, you're sure to find a gardenia that perfectly complements your garden.

What Flowers Smells Better: Jasmine Or Gardenia?

Deciding whether Jasmine or Gardenia smells better is entirely subjective and depends on individual preferences. Both possess captivating fragrances, but with distinct characteristics:

Jasmine:

Lighter and sweeter: Jasmine often evokes a delicate, airy sweetness, likened to honey, tea, or even grapes. It's a fresh and clean fragrance that many find uplifting and soothing.
Complex and multi-layered: Jasmine's scent holds surprising depth, revealing hints of green, citrus, and even a touch of spice as it unfolds.
Versatility: Jasmine's sweetness makes it versatile, blending well with other floral scents and even fruity or citrusy notes.

Gardenia:

Rich and creamy: Gardenia boasts a luxurious, intoxicating aroma often described as creamy, buttery, or even tropical. It's a more opulent and heady fragrance, sometimes considered sensual or romantic.
Intense and powerful: Gardenia's scent carries well, readily filling the air with its presence. Some find it overwhelming in close quarters, while others relish its bold character.
Distinctive and unique: Gardenia's fragrance stands out, offering a singular experience not easily replicated by other scents.

What Gardenia Has The Prettiest Flowers?

Beauty is subjective, but some Gardenia varieties are known for their particularly stunning flowers in New Zealand. Here are a few contenders for the prettiest blooms:

Gardenia 'Fragrant Star': This popular evergreen shrub features exquisite, large, single, white blooms throughout summer. They boast a strong, pleasant fragrance, making them a favourite for patios and gardens.
Gardenia augusta 'Professor Pucci': This variety is known for its amazing, fully double flowers. These double blooms are full and rounded, with layer upon layer of white petals. They are also fragrant, although perhaps not quite as intensely fragrant as some other gardenia varieties.
Gardenia 'Golden Magic': This gardenia produces large and showy blooms with a hint of yellow in the centre of the flower as it opens. The blooms transition to pure white as they mature and have a lovely fragrance.

Ultimately, the prettiest flower for you will depend on your personal preferences. Feel free to explore our Gardenia varieties.

Gardenia General Information

This series of articles answers many of the frequently asked questions about Gardenias, such as how fast they grow, their hardiness, and more!

How Big Do Gardenias Get?

The size of a Gardenia depends on the variety. They can range from dwarf varieties that only reach 30cm (1ft) tall to larger types that can grow up to 2 metres (6ft) tall.

Dwarf varieties: These are perfect for container gardening, planting as a low border, or using as a ground cover plant. A popular dwarf variety is Gardenia radicans.
Medium varieties: These are the most common type of gardenia and will typically grow to around 1-1.5 metres tall. Popular medium-sized varieties include Gardenia jasminoides 'Veitchii', Gardenia 'Fragrant Star', and Gardenia 'Golden Magic'.
Large varieties: These can grow up to 2 metres tall. A popular large variety is Gardenia thunbergia.

How Long Does Gardenia Live For?

With proper care, a Gardenia can live for a surprisingly long time - up to 50 years! These fragrant flowering shrubs can become a beautiful and long-lasting addition to your garden. However, inadequate sunlight, poor drainage, lack of nutrients, and harsh winters can shorten the lifespan of a Gardenia. Conversely, good care, regular watering, pruning, and feeding, can help extend the life of Gardenia.

What Are The Benefits Of Growing Gardenia?

There are several benefits to growing Gardenias, both aesthetic and potentially health related:

Beauty and Fragrance:

Gardenias are prized for their beautiful, white, and often large flowers. The delicate petals and elegant appearance add a touch of sophistication to any garden or patio.
Many gardenia varieties produce a powerful and delightful fragrance. The sweet aroma, often described as jasmine-like or citrusy, can fill the air and create a calming atmosphere.

Potential Health Benefits:

The calming scent of gardenias is believed to promote relaxation and reduce stress levels. Enjoying the fragrance in your garden or having a cut flower indoors can be a form of aromatherapy.
Similar to stress relief, the pleasant aroma of gardenias may elevate your mood and create a more positive atmosphere.

Other advantages:

Gardenias typically have glossy, green leaves that remain year-round in warm climates. This provides a touch of greenery and visual interest throughout the year.
While they do require some specific care, gardenias are generally not considered high-maintenance plants, especially compared to other flowering shrubs.

What Is The Common Name For Gardenia?

Gardenia has two common names that are both widely used:

Cape Jasmine: This name is particularly common because the flower's fragrance is reminiscent of jasmine. However, it's important to note that gardenias and jasmines are not closely related.
Common Gardenia: This is a more descriptive name that simply refers to the most widely cultivated type of gardenia.

What Is The Meaning Of Gardenia?

The Gardenia flower holds a range of meanings, often cantered around purity, love, and refinement:

Purity and Innocence: The white colour of the gardenia flower, particularly the most common variety (Gardenia jasminoides), is often linked to purity and innocence. This symbolism makes gardenias a popular choice for weddings and bouquets for brides.
Love and Secret Admiration: During Victorian times, gardenias were sometimes used to convey hidden messages of love or admiration. This association likely stems from the flower's beautiful appearance and intoxicating fragrance.
Refinement and Elegance: Gardenias represent elegance and sophistication due to their delicate features and pleasant aroma. They are often incorporated into floral arrangements for formal occasions.
Joy and Renewal: The vibrant blooms of the gardenia can also symbolize joy, happiness, and new beginnings.
Spiritual Connection: In some cultures, Gardenias are associated with the spiritual world, representing purity of the soul and positive energy.

Where Are Gardenias Native To?

Gardenias are native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, Madagascar, Pacific Islands, and Australia. There are over 140 species of Gardenia, and they are found in a wide variety of habitats, including forests, woodlands, and coastal areas. Some of the most well-known Gardenia species include:

Gardenia jasminoides, commonly known as Cape jasmine, is native to China and Vietnam. It is a popular ornamental plant that is known for its fragrant white flowers.
Gardenia augusta, commonly known as gardenia, is native to southern China and Japan. It is a popular ornamental plant that is known for its fragrant white flowers.
Gardenia candida, commonly known as white gardenia, is native to Fiji. It is a small shrub with white flowers that are fragrant at night.
Gardenia taitensis, commonly known as Tahitian gardenia, is native to Tahiti and other islands in the South Pacific. It is a small shrub with white flowers that are fragrant at night.
Gardenia thunbergia, commonly known as Natal gardenia, is native to South Africa. It is a shrub or small tree with fragrant white flowers.

Why Are Gardenias Called Cape Jasmine?

Gardenias have the nickname "Cape Jasmine" because of a misconception about their origin. Early on, people believed these fragrant plants came from the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. This association led to the common name "Cape Jasmine," referencing both the perceived origin and the similar scent of jasmine flowers. However, they actually originate from parts of Southeast Asia. Despite the geographical mistake, the name, "Cape Jasmine" stuck as a popular term for these beautiful flowering plants.

Gardenia Hedges, Trimming, and Pruning

Trimming a Gardenia can be quite daunting as can growing a Gardenia hedge. Factors such as the hedge spacing, desired height, and how much trimming are all important considerations. The Plant Company have produced this series of articles to provide advice for trimming a Gardenia hedge and pruning individual bushes so you can manicure your plants with confidence and success.

How Far Apart Should Gardenias Be Planted For Hedging?

Gardenias make amazing hedges (both formal and informal) and to create an outstanding hedge The Plant Company recommends spacing them 50 cm apart. The faster you want the hedge to fill in, the closer they should be planted is the general rule. With this planting regime they will close in quickly and also push each other upwards as they compete for light. The result is a fabulous hedge every time.

You can go out to 75 cm if the budget is tight and with a larger growing variety but that will often result in a gap at the bottom between plants which is hard to fill. The gap results from the natural vase shape with which these plants grow. In this situation opt for smaller grade sizes and plant more of them rather than going with bigger plants as this will make the money go further and produce a better result in the longer term.

If 25L grades (or bigger) are purchased which are 1m tall and lush, you can space these 75 cm apart without issue. These grades have generally been manicured to ensure they are bushy to the base and will therefore branch and fill in more easily.

How To Grow A Gardenia Hedge?

Gardenias make amazing formal hedges (i.e., trimmed) and to create an outstanding hedge, space plants 50-70 cm apart. The faster you want the hedge to fill in, the closer they should be planted. Similarly, space plants closely if you want a dense hedge quickly (i.e., 50 cm apart).

It is important to understand that the hedge is generally pruned in after flowering with about 10-15% of the exterior vegetation removed. The amount removed depends on how much you need to contain the hedge. The best hedges are trimmed again during early spring. The notion being that the trimming is little and often to keep the plants dense and lush. That said, they still look good with once-a-year trimming.

The hedge width can be anywhere from 50 cm to 1 m wide, depending on the Gardenia variety. Narrower hedges will take more regular trimming than wider ones, however. Work out the maximum width you want the hedge to grow to before trimming as you plan the planting. Trimming is generally 5-10 cm back from that outer width and allowing for a centre of at least 30 cm.

When To Trim Gardenias

After flowering is the best time to trim Gardenias. The Plant Company recommends this is undertaken no later than one month after flowering as the plants can recover from this activity and produce fresh growth to harden off ahead of winter. Moreover, as Gardenias flower on older growth, this new growth ahead of winter is likely to produce flowers the following spring.

Why Prune Gardenias?

Gardenias grow with a rounded, almost ball-like shape, with all of the new growth generally on the outside of the plant. That ball will keep getting bigger and bigger if it is not pruned back and will quickly become woody at its centre. We therefore prune to contain growth, encourage fresh foliage, and to present a more aesthetic plant.

Removing dead, broken, or diseased stems can be undertaken anytime. These should be cut back to where buds on the stem are still visible. Doing this will also help air circulate through the plant which will reduce the likelihood of disease buildup.

Gardenia Propagation

Propagating Gardenias is a relatively straightforward process when you have the right advice. They are easily rooted, and our articles give you the best chance of doing this successfully and efficiently.

How To Root Gardenia Cuttings In Water

Gardenias can be rooted in water from stem cuttings. Semi-hardwood cuttings are usually taken from autumn until mid-spring. A stem about 8-10 cm long is trimmed into a cutting using secateurs with 2-3 leaves at the top and just below a node. The cutting is placed in a cup of fresh water in a warm placed out of direct sun, and the water is changed every 2-3 days until the cutting has rooted. The cuttings will take root within five weeks as a rule. However, please note that the chances of success are generally about 10% with this method when compared to using bottom heat and mist. This is because most cuttings rot rather than produce roots.

Propagating Gardenias From Cuttings

Gardenia are easily propagated from stem cuttings. Semi-hardwood cuttings are usually taken from autumn until mid-spring. A stem about 8-10 cm long is trimmed into a cutting using secateurs with 2-3 leaves at the top and just below a node. A nick is taken off the base of the cutting to expose more tissue. The cutting is dipped in rooting hormone for 5-10 seconds and then inserted into propagation growing media. The tray of cuttings is placed under mist with bottom heat also applied. The cuttings will have taken root inside of five weeks as a rule.

Gardenia Varieties & Recommendations

Choosing a Gardenia that works for you can be challenging given the sheer number that are available. Working through the different varieties, how big the flowers are, and so on, can take considerable time. The Plant Company’s series of short articles aims to offer concise and easy to follow advice and recommendations so you can determine the variety for your needs.

Gardenia August Beauty Information

Gardenia 'August Beauty' is a popular variety known for its prolific flowering, intoxicating fragrance, and attractive foliage. The large and double, white blooms that can reach up to 8 cm in diameter. They are intensely fragrant with a sweet, creamy citrus-like scent. This variety flowers from mid-spring to summer. Some other characteristics include:

Foliage and growth habit:

Glossy, deep green leaves with a pointed, lance-shaped form.
Dense with a bushy and rounded growth habit, and evergreen.
Medium-sized shrub that typically grows to 1.5 meters tall and 90 cm wide.

Growing Conditions:

Prefers full sun to light shade.
Thrives in consistently moist, well-drained, acidic soil.
Benefits from regular watering, especially during hot weather.
Intolerant of heavy frost and wind.

Gardenia 'August Beauty' is a popular specimen plant for patios, entrances, or planting against houses. It is also effective for hedging or growing in borders. The flowers are often used in floral arrangements. Overall, it is a very popular plant.

Gardenia In The Plant Company’s Database

The list of Gardenia varieties that The Plant Company has cataloged, worked on, propagated, and marketed is broad. Our database of Gardenia varieties is listed below:

Gardenia Jasminoides Information

Gardenia jasminoides, commonly called common gardenia or cape jasmine, is a beautiful and fragrant evergreen shrub native to southern China and Japan. Here are some of its characteristics:

Appearance:

The flowers are large and white, intensely fragrant, and typically 8 cm (3 inches) in diameter . They can be single or double, depending on the variety. The flowers gradually take on a creamy yellow colour as they mature.
The leaves are glossy and dark green.
This evergreen shrub can grow to be 1-3 metres (3-10 feet) tall and wide.
Flowering occurs throughout the year in warm climates where temperatures do not dip below 15°C. In cooler climates, it typically flowers during late spring and early summer.
One of the most distinguishing characteristics of Gardenia jasminoides is its strong, sweet fragrance, often described as jasmine-like.

Growing Conditions and Care:

Prefers full sun or partial shade, and a soil that is acidic and well-drained.
Thrives in warm climates but can tolerate some frost.
They require regular watering during dry periods.
Fertilizer: Use a fertiliser for acid loving plants.
Prune lightly after flowering to maintain shape.
Relatively pest and disease resistant, but keep an eye out for scale, mealybugs, and fungal diseases.

With its beautiful flowers, intoxicating fragrance, and relatively manageable care requirements, Gardenia jasminoides is a popular choice for gardeners around the world.

Gardenia Jasminoides 'Veitchii' Information

Gardenia jasminoides 'Veitchii' is a popular choice due to its reliable flowering, compact size, and suitability for various planting situations. It can be a beautiful specimen plant, thrive in containers, or be used in borders or hedges. Some key information about this Gardenia includes:

It is renowned for masses of fragrant, pure white, double flowers that can reach 5-8 cm (2-3 inches) wide.
The foliage is dense and bushy with small and glossy, lance-shaped, dark green leaves.
It grows as a compact, evergreen shrub to about 1 metre (3 feet) tall and wide.
It flowers heavily through spring and summer, with potential for flowering during winter in warmer regions.
It produces a sweet and intoxicating fragrance.
Prefers full sun or partial shade, and a soil that is acidic and well-drained.
They require regular watering during dry periods.
Fertilizer: Use a fertiliser for acid loving plants.
Prune lightly after flowering to maintain shape.
Relatively pest and disease resistant, but keep an eye out for scale, mealybugs, and fungal diseases.

Overall, Gardenia jasminoides 'Veitchii' is a beautiful and fragrant flowering shrub prized for its reliable blooms, compact size, and versatility. With proper care, it can be a long-lasting and beautiful addition to your garden.

Gardenia Professor Pucci Information

Gardenia augusta 'Professor Pucci' is a popular variety owing to both its lush foliage, beauty, and fragrant flower. Some of its key characteristics include:

Beautiful flowers that are double, milk-white, and highly fragrant. They are produced duing spring and summer with occasional flowering in autumn.
The delightful fragrance is not quite as strong as some other gardenia varieties. The scent is often described as complex and pleasant, with citrusy, tropical, and jasmine-like notes.
The dark green foliage is glossy green and lush.
It grows as a medium-sized, evergreen shrub to about 1.5-2 meters tall and wide with a rounded shape.
Prefers full sun or partial shade, and a soil that is acidic and well-drained.
They require regular watering during dry periods.
Fertilizer: Use a fertiliser for acid loving plants.
Prune lightly after flowering to maintain shape.
Relatively pest and disease resistant, but keep an eye out for scale, mealybugs, and fungal diseases.

Gardenia 'Professor Pucci' is a popular choice for gardeners due to its beautiful flowers, long blooming season, and relatively low-maintenance care requirements. It can be grown as a hedge, used as a feature plant in a mixed planting, or grown in a container.

What Are The Popular Gardenia Varieties In NZ?

There are several Gardenia varieties grown in NZ. The following are considered the most popular by The Plant Company:

The following articles provide detailed information about these and our other Gardenia varieties are well worth checking out.

What Is The Most Fragrant Gardenia Flower In NZ?

Determining the absolute "most fragrant" gardenia can be subjective, as fragrance preference varies widely. However, some gardenia varieties are renowned for their strong, sweet, and intoxicating aromas, particularly these two:

Gardenia augusta 'Professor Pucci': This popular evergreen shrub is known for its beautiful, fully double, fragrant flowers. While the fragrance may not be quite as intense as others, it's described as complex and delightful, often likened to citrusy, tropical, and jasmine-like notes.
Gardenia 'August Beauty': This classic variety boasts large, double blooms with a powerful, creamy citrus-like fragrance. Its strong scent is said to fill the air and can even be enjoyed indoors if placed near a window.
Gardenia 'Fragrant Star': This popular choice features large, single, white blooms with a pleasant fragrance throughout summer.
Gardenia radicans: This dwarf gardenia is a spreader covered in masses of sweetly fragrant flowers during late spring and summer.

Ultimately, the best way to find your favourite fragrant Gardenia is to take a whiff while they are in flower. You are more than welcome to come to The Plant Company Nursery and smell our plants!

Which Is The Best Gardenia In NZ?

There isn't a single "best" Gardenia variety for New Zealand as it depends on what factors are most important to you. However, some popular and well-performing varieties in New Zealand's climate include:

Gardenia radicans: This is a popular choice for ground cover due to its dense, low-growing habit (typically 30-40cm tall and 60-80cm wide) and glossy green foliage. It produces fragrant white flowers in summer.
Gardenia augusta 'Professor Pucci': This is a taller-growing variety (around 1.5-2 metres tall) with glossy green leaves and large, fragrant white flowers. It's a good option for those who want a statement shrub.
Gardenia jasminoides 'Veitchii': This is a classic gardenia variety with beautiful double white flowers and a strong fragrance. It's a medium-sized shrub (around 1 metre tall) but can be a bit more sensitive to cold than some other varieties.

Why Is Gardenia Radicans So Popular In NZ?

Gardenia radicans has become popular in New Zealand gardens through a combination of factors:

Adaptability:

Thrives in Dappled Shade: New Zealand gardens often have areas with natural dappled shade from trees or structures. Gardenia radicans is a perfect choice for filling in those spots. It avoids the harsh afternoon sun that can scorch some plants.
Tolerates Moderate Cold: While not entirely frost tolerant, established Gardenia radicans can handle the cooler temperatures experienced in many parts of New Zealand. Young plants might need some winter protection, but overall, they do adapt well to the climate.

Low Maintenance:

Slow Growth: Gardenia radicans is a slow grower, which can be a positive for busy gardeners as it requires less frequent trimming and shaping compared to faster growing plants.
Moderate Watering Needs: Once established, it only needs watering during dry periods. It does, however, require a well-drained soil.

Aesthetic Appeal:

Beautiful Flowers: The masses of sweetly fragrant white flowers throughout spring and summer add beauty and charm to any garden.
Great Groundcover: Gardenia radicans has a low-growing habit which makes it an excellent groundcover choice. It helps suppress weeds and creates a lush, green carpet with bursts of white flowers.

Versatility:

This gardenia can thrive in containers on patios or balconies, making it ideal for smaller spaces or courtyards. It can also be planted directly in garden beds, adding beauty to borders or pathways.

Gardenia radicans offers a combination of attractive flowers, manageable care requirements, and adaptability to New Zealand's climate and gardening preferences. This makes it a popular and versatile choice for NZ gardeners.

How to Plant and Grow A Gardenia

Planting a Gardenia and getting it to grow well is generally easy when you get a few of the basics right. This involves planting them in the right soil type, choosing the most ideal planting position, selecting the best variety, and ensuring the plants have the essentials to thrive. The Plant Company has the right advice to give you the greatest chance of success when growing Gardenias.

Do Gardenias Grow In New Zealand?

Gardenias grow well in New Zealand, though they do prefer the warmer regions. In colder climates they can experience frost damage, particularly when they are small. That said, they will cope with moderate frosts the following season after plantings.

Some varieties of Gardenia are better suited to New Zealand growing conditions than others:

Do Gardenias Grow Quickly?

Gardenias are generally considered to be moderate growers, meaning they won't explode in size overnight. They typically add somewhere between 30-60 cm of growth per year until they reach maturity. However, the exact growth rate will depend on the variety of Gardenia, the climate, and the quality of the soil. They thrive in full sun and with a well-drained soil. Here are some tips for encouraging your Gardenia grow quickly:

Water your plant regularly, especially during the first year after planting.
Feed plants in spring with fertiliser for acid loving plants.
Mulch around plants to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.

With proper care, your Gardenia plant should grow quickly and provide you with years of enjoyment.

How Do I Plant A Gardenia?

Choose a full sun position with good drainage and moderate shelter for your Gardenia plant. The hole should be dug to at least 50-75% deeper and wider than the container the plant is currently growing in. A planting spade makes the hole digging a lot easier. The Plant Company recommends incorporating compost or sheep pellets into the soil to provide additional organic material, but this is not essential. Do not put fertiliser in the bottom of the hole, rather spread that on the soil surface after planting, and preferably do this when the plant is actively growing in spring.

Remove the plant from the container it is growing in by either pulling it free or by cutting the bag. We recommend cutting the bag or container, especially for larger grade plants, to minimise any chance of damaging the roots. If the roots have been growing in a circle or are all bound up you can tease them apart if you want but this is not essential. Similarly, you don’t need to remove any of the growing media. The Plant Company does not recommend cutting the roots, even if the plant is root-bound as this offers no benefit. This is explained in our article, Managing Rootbound Plants.

Now place the plant in the hole and make sure it is level with the soil surface before filling in around it. If it is above the soil surface, dig more out. If it is below, put in more soil and retest the level. Once the plant is set level with the soil surface, add more soil gradually and firm it around the plant using gentle pressure as you go. Scatter fertiliser for acid loving plants across the soil surface after planting and the give the plant a good watering.

How To Grow A Gardenia In A Pot

Gardenias look amazing when managed appropriately in a pot. Choose a pot that is no more than twice the size of what the plant is currently growing in and that has plenty of drainage holes in the bottom. Fill the bottom of the pot to about 1/3 of the way up with potting mix. Do not use soil or compost when growing plants in a container and do not add fertiliser. The Plant Company potting mix has all the nutrients required to sustain the plant for the next 12 months.

The key to having an amazing Gardenia in a pot is to keep trimming it to keep it shapely, contained, and dense. Typically, the plants would be lightly clipped every 2-3 months.

What Is The Best Season To Plant A Gardenia?

The best season to plant Gardenias is anytime from autumn through spring. During this time they will establish before the heat of summer arrives. You can still plant in summer, but you’ll need to pay more attention to watering them.

Where Do Gardenia Grow Best?

A full sun or partial shade position with good drainage is essential for getting the best results with Gardenias. On poorly drained sites or with over-watering they tend to become stunted, sickly looking, and may even die. In partial shade conditions they can be become “leggy” and flowering is often reduced. The position should also be moderately sheltered so fresh growth is not damaged by wind, and this will help produce a better shaped plant overall. They are generally regarded as frost tolerant, though alpine environments or areas that experience very heavy frosts should be avoided.

Landscaping With Gardenias

These short articles provide some insight into how you might use Gardenia plants in different situations and what you might pair them with.

What Is An Alternative To Gardenia?

There are many beautiful flowering plants that can be a great alternative to Gardenias, depending on what specific features you're looking for. Here are a few options to consider:

Camellias: Camellias are evergreen shrubs that produce beautiful blooms in shades of pink, red, and white. They prefer similar growing conditions to gardenias (acidic, well-drained soil and partial shade) and have a longer flowering season.
Star Jasmine (Trachelospermum jasminoides): This vigorous climber is known for its clusters of fragrant white flowers that bloom in spring and summer. It's a great choice for covering walls, trellises, or fences.
Mock Orange Philadelphus coronarius: Mock orange is a deciduous shrub with fragrant white flowers in late spring or early summer. It's a low-maintenance option that's easy to care for.
Viburnum: Viburnums are a diverse group of shrubs that come in a variety of sizes and flower colors. Many varieties have clusters of white flowers that are similar in appearance to gardenias. They also tend to be more cold-hardy than gardenias.
Abelias: Abelia is a compact shrub with clusters of small, bell-shaped flowers that bloom in summer and autumn. They come in a variety of colors, including pink, lavender, and white. Abelia is a good choice for borders or containers.

These are just a few ideas to get you started. When choosing an alternative to Gardenia, consider the size and shape of the plant, the colour and fragrance of the flowers.

What Plants Go Well With Gardenias?

Gardenias are beautiful flowering shrubs that can add a touch of elegance to any garden. But what plants go well with them?

Other flowering shrubs: Gardenias look great when paired with other flowering shrubs that bloom at different times of the year. This will help to extend flowering in your garden. Some good choices include rhododendrons, azaleas, hydrangeas, and camellias.
Grasses: Grasses can also add texture and interest to your garden. They can also help to accentuate the Gardenias. Some good grass options include Carex, Lomandra, and Liriope.
Groundcovers: Some good groundcovers to pair with Gardenias include vinca, pachysandra, and Lysimachia (creeping Jenny).

Gardenia Information To Grow Stunning Plants

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